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on the non-sealed 1st stage there are small holes on the sides
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prevents salt, sediments and other contaminates from entering the first stage. This reduces internal corrosion and contaminant buildup
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it helps isolate the valve mechanism from freezing. An unsealed first stage has a chance to build up ice crystals when going from a water to air environment.
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the o-ring is captured behind the regulator post, eliminating the chance that it may extrude and create a dangerous situation.
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can be certain not to be stuck with worn out, damaged o-rings sometimes found on rental yoke-valve tanks.
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designed to withstand higher pressures than yoke regulators.
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use mainly in Europe
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Most of the working parts of in a diaphragm first stage are sealed from water, making the valve less likely to freeze open and reducing the risk of free-flow when diving in very cold water.
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As the working parts of a diaphragm first stage are sealed from the water, a diaphragm first stage is easier to keep clean and free of salt water corrosion than a piston first stage.